Area: total: 312,685 sq km
land: 304,465 sq km
water: 8,220 sq km
Climate: temperate with cold, cloudy, moderately severe winters with frequent precipitation mild summers with frequent showers and thundershowers
Terrain: mostly flat plain mountains along southern border
Natural resources: coal, sulfur, copper, natural gas, silver, lead, salt, amber, arable land
Population: 38,500,696 [July 2008 est.]
Age structure: 0-14 years: 15.2% [male 3,013,109/female 2,849,977]
15-64 years: 71.4% [male 13,681,481/female 13,808,412]
65 years and over: 13.4% [male 1,964,477/female 3,183,240] [2008 est.]
Nationality: noun: Pole[s]
adjective: Polish
Ethnic groups: Polish 96.7%, German 0.4%, Belarusian 0.1%, Ukrainian 0.1%, other and unspecified 2.7% [2002 census]
Languages: Polish 97.8%, other and unspecified 2.2% [2002 census]
Capital: name: Warsaw
geographic coordinates: 52 15 N, 21 00 E
time difference: UTC+1 [6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time]
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March ends last Sunday in October
National holiday: Constitution Day, 3 May [1791]