Area: total: 9,596,960 sq km
land: 9,326,410 sq km
water: 270,550 sq km
Climate: extremely diverse tropical in south to subarctic in north
Terrain: mostly mountains, high plateaus, deserts in west plains, deltas, and hills in east
Natural resources: coal, iron ore, petroleum, natural gas, mercury, tin, tungsten, antimony, manganese, molybdenum, vanadium, magnetite, aluminum, lead, zinc, uranium, hydropower potential [world's largest]
Population: 1,330,044,605 [July 2008 est.]
Age structure: 0-14 years: 20.1% [male 142,085,665/female 125,300,391]
15-64 years: 71.9% [male 491,513,378/female 465,020,030]
65 years and over: 8% [male 50,652,480/female 55,472,661] [2008 est.]
Nationality: noun: Chinese [singular and plural]
adjective: Chinese
Ethnic groups: Han Chinese 91.9%, Zhuang, Uyghur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%
Languages: Standard Chinese or Mandarin [Putonghua, based on the Beijing dialect], Yue [Cantonese], Wu [Shanghainese], Minbei [Fuzhou], Minnan [Hokkien-Taiwanese], Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, minority languages [see Ethnic groups entry]
Capital: name: Beijing
geographic coordinates: 39 55 N, 116 23 E
time difference: UTC+8 [13 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time]
note: despite its size, all of China falls within one time zone
National holiday: Anniversary of the Founding of the People's Republic of China, 1 October [1949]